Gaddi Dog Breed Officially Recognised

January 10, 2025

The Indian Council of Agricultural Research National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources (ICAR-NBAGR) has officially recognised the Gaddi dog breed. This indigenous breed hails from the Himalayan region and is now acknowledged alongside nine other livestock breeds. The recognition aims to promote conservation efforts for the Gaddi, which currently lacks support from major kennel clubs. The breed faces threats from declining populations and a diminishing nomadic lifestyle, prompting concerns about its future.

Background of the Gaddi Dog Breed

The Gaddi dog is primarily associated with the Gaddi shepherds of Himachal Pradesh. These dogs have a long history of guarding livestock against predators. The breed’s lineage is thought to trace back to the Tibetan Mastiff, although it is less bulky and possesses distinct features, such as a tufted mane. The Gaddi is also referred to as the Bhote Kukur or Bhotia dog.

Population Concerns and Conservation Efforts

Current estimates suggest that fewer than 1,000 Gaddi dogs remain. The breed’s population is declining due to a lack of dedicated breeding programmes and the dilution of its gene pool. The Gaddi dog’s status as a lesser-known breed has hindered conservation efforts, making official recognition vital for its survival.

Physical Characteristics of the Gaddi Dog

Gaddi dogs are predominantly black, often featuring white markings on their feet, tail, or trunk. They possess a muscular build and a massive, arched neck that enhances their ability to fend off predators. The breed typically has a medium stature and robust body, which contributes to its effectiveness as a guardian.

Breeding and Reproduction

Gaddi dogs usually have a litter size ranging from four to eight pups. In a lifetime, a female Gaddi dog can give birth to approximately eight to twelve litters. This reproductive capacity is essential for maintaining the breed’s population, especially in light of its endangered status.

The Gaddi is also known as the Bhote Kukur.
Gaddi dogs can fend off predators like the Snow Leopard.
The breed’s population is estimated to be under 1,000.
Gaddi dogs have a distinctive tufted mane.
They are primarily found across the Himalayan range.

Importance of Recognition

Official recognition by ICAR-NBAGR is crucial for the Gaddi dog breed. It raises awareness about the breed and its unique attributes. This recognition can facilitate conservation initiatives and encourage dedicated breeding programmes. The Gaddi dog is an integral part of the Himalayan ecosystem, and preserving its legacy is essential for biodiversity.

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