First District-Level Study in India Reveals Disparities in Hypertension Care

October 30, 2023

A comprehensive study conducted by AIIMS Delhi, in collaboration with scientists from Europe and the US, has highlighted significant variations in hypertension care at the district level in India. This groundbreaking study underscores the urgent need for a targeted approach to address hypertension, often referred to as the “silent killer.”

Key Findings

District-Level Disparities: The study examined data from nearly 1.7 million respondents across 707 districts in India. It revealed that one in four adults had hypertension. However, only one in three individuals became aware of their condition through diagnosis, less than one in five received treatment, and only one in twelve managed to control their blood pressure.
Regional Variations: The study found substantial variations across districts in terms of blood pressure diagnosis (range: 6.3%-77.5%), treatment (range: 8.7%-97.1%), and control (range: 2.7%-76.6%). This regional disparity emphasizes the need for targeted, decentralized healthcare solutions at the district level.
National Health Challenge: According to a recent WHO report, India has 188.3 million people suffering from hypertension, but only 37% are diagnosed, 30% initiate treatment, and a mere 15% successfully manage their blood pressure. The study underscores that addressing hypertension could prevent at least 4.6 million deaths in India by 2040 if blood pressure control rates improve.

Significance of District-Level Analysis

Previous state-level analyses did not adequately capture the variations within states. With the newly created district-wise hypertension dashboard, every district can now analyze data based on gender and socio-demographic disparities.

Empowering District-Level Healthcare

The study underscores the need for greater autonomy at the district level, even in a country where healthcare is a state subject. It suggests that Chief Medical Officers should have the tools to assess their district’s performance in hypertension management and take targeted measures. This approach recognizes the importance of a continuum of care within each district and state, tailored to specific local needs.

Local Healthcare Worker Involvement

The study also emphasizes the vital role of local healthcare workers, including ASHA workers, in screening for hypertension and diabetes. A door-to-door survey for hypertension screening and providing treatment through the nearest healthcare facility are recommended strategies to improve diagnosis and care, reducing the burden on tertiary healthcare facilities.

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