Discovery of New Indo-Burmese Pangolin Species

January 13, 2025

The Zoological Survey of India (ZSI) has recently identified a new species of pangolin, named Manis indoburmanica. This species diverged from the Chinese pangolin approximately 3.4 million years ago. The discovery marks the impact of geoclimatic changes in the Indo-Burma region, a recognised biodiversity hotspot. The findings were published in the journal Mammalian Biology, emphasising the urgent need for conservation measures.

Discovery Details

The identification of the Indo-Burmese pangolin was led by a team of scientists, including Mukesh Thakur from ZSI. They utilised advanced genomic tools to analyse mitochondrial genomes. The research confirmed the genetic distinctiveness of the species, which has evolved in isolation during the Pliocene and Pleistocene epochs. It was found to be 3.8% different from Chinese pangolin. It lives at heights between 180 and 1830 meters above sea level. It has olive-brown and dark brown scales and a pinkish face, similar to other Asian pangolins.

Significance of the Discovery

The recognition of Manis indoburmanica as a distinct species is crucial for conservation efforts. The unique evolutionary history of this pangolin underlines its vulnerability amid threats such as poaching and habitat degradation. Dr. Thakur stated that this discovery enriches our understanding of pangolins and marks the necessity for region-specific conservation strategies.

Geographic Distribution

The Indo-Burmese pangolin is believed to inhabit regions in Arunachal Pradesh and Assam. Its distribution may extend to neighbouring countries, including Nepal, Bhutan, and Myanmar. The study’s findings suggest that the species has been shaped by climatic and geological shifts over millions of years, leading to its current distribution.

Manis indoburmanica diverged from Manis pentadactyla 3.4 million years ago.
The Indo-Burma region is biodiversity hotspot.
Pangolins are the most trafficked mammals worldwide.
World Pangolin Day is celebrated on February 18.
The study was published in Mammalian Biology.

Future Research Directions

Further research is necessary to understand the ecological role of the Indo-Burmese pangolin. Scientists aim to investigate its behaviour, diet, and reproductive patterns. Continued genetic studies could also reveal more about its relationship with other pangolin species. This information will be vital in developing effective conservation strategies.

Key Facts About Pangolins

Pangolins are mammals found in Africa and Asia.
There are eight species of pangolins—four in Africa and four in Asia.
They are special because they are the only mammals with large protective scales made of keratin. When in danger, they roll into a ball for protection.
Pangolins mainly eat ants and termites, using their long, sticky tongues to catch them.
They are skilled diggers and often live in burrows.
Pangolins are heavily trafficked worldwide because their scales are used in traditional medicine and luxury products.

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