COP28 Declaration on Climate and Health

December 5, 2023

The 28th UN Climate Change Conference (COP28) witnessed a significant development as 123 countries, including the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, Australia, and the European Union, signed the Declaration on Climate and Health on December 2. Notably, India has not yet signed, but commitments from additional countries are expected before COP28 concludes. China, although not explicitly mentioned, signed the agreement just two hours before its official release.

Health Considerations in Climate Agreements

The declaration commits countries to integrate health considerations within the frameworks of the Paris Agreement and the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). It emphasizes the incorporation of health perspectives in designing nationally determined contributions, long-term low greenhouse gas emission development strategies, national adaptation plans, and adaptation communications.

One Health Approach

Countries are urged to adopt a One Health approach, integrating people, animals, and the environment. The declaration highlights the need to address linkages between environmental and climatic factors and antimicrobial resistance. Moreover, it emphasizes intensified efforts for early detection of zoonotic spillovers as a crucial means of pandemic prevention, preparedness, and response.

Financial Commitments and Guiding Principles

On December 2, it was announced that $1 billion in financing for climate and health would be provided by various funding agencies. The COP28 Guiding Principles for Financing Climate and Health Solutions, endorsed by over 40 financing partners and civil society organizations, were welcomed. The principles highlight the necessity of leveraging health finance for climate mitigation and adaptation, supporting a holistic approach to address interconnected challenges.

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