China’s Activities in Yellow Sea

Recent developments in the Yellow Sea have heightened tensions between China and South Korea. Following aggressive posturing in the South China Sea, China has constructed a massive steel rig, leading to confrontations with South Korean Coast Guards. This situation puts stress on the complex maritime disputes and overlapping territorial claims in the region.

Background of the Dispute

The Yellow Sea, also known as the West Sea in Korea, is a contentious area where the exclusive economic zones (EEZs) of China and South Korea overlap. The Provisional Maritime Zone (PMZ) was established under a 2000 agreement for joint management. However, disputes have arisen over resource claims and maritime activities.

Recent Standoff

On February 26, 2025, a standoff occurred when South Korean ships attempted to investigate a newly built steel structure in the PMZ. The South Korean research vessel Onnuri was blocked by Chinese coast guard vessels and civilian boats. The two-hour confrontation brought into light the ongoing tension and differing claims over maritime rights.

Chinese Infrastructure in the PMZ

China has installed large steel platforms in the PMZ, including the Shen Lan 2 Hao, a 71.5-meter-tall underwater marine cage for salmon aquaculture. This installation has raised concerns in South Korea, which asserts its right to inspect the structure according to the 2001 Korea-China Fisheries Agreement. South Korea contends that the structure was established without prior notification.

Implications for Regional Security

The overlapping EEZs in the Yellow Sea are believed to be rich in natural resources, including oil. China’s deployment of artificial structures is seen as an attempt to solidify its territorial claims. Analysts suggest this could signal a shift towards a more aggressive strategy akin to its actions in the South China Sea, potentially escalating tensions further.

International Maritime Law and Agreements

The situation in the Yellow Sea raises questions about adherence to international maritime laws. The 2001 agreement allows for fishing and navigation until the maritime boundary is resolved. However, China’s claims of the structures being within its EEZ complicate the legal landscape and challenge the effectiveness of existing agreements.

Strategic Military Considerations

Experts warn that China’s actions may reflect a broader strategy of “salami slicing,” where incremental advancements test the resolve of rival states. The civil-military fusion in China’s maritime operations blurs the lines between civilian and military activities, raising concerns about potential intelligence gathering and other non-aquaculture operations.

Month: Current Affairs - April, 2025

Category: International / World Current Affairs