Chilika Lake Bird Census 2025

January 21, 2025

Recently, the annual bird census at Chilika Lake revealed a decline in the number of visiting birds compared to previous years. However, there was an increase in the variety of species. The census, conducted on January 18, brought into light the ecological changes affecting this critical habitat for migratory birds.

Chilika Lake Overview

Chilika Lake is Asia’s largest brackish water lagoon.
It spans 1,165 square kilometres.
The lake serves as important wintering ground for migratory birds.

2025 Bird Census Results

The census recorded 1,127,228 birds of 196 species. This included 1,087,226 migratory birds from 109 species and 40,002 resident birds from 87 species.

Comparison with Previous Years

In 2024, the census recorded 1,137,759 birds of 187 species. In 2023, the count was 1,131,929 birds of 184 species. The slight decrease in 2025 was noted despite a rise in species variety.

Impact of Environmental Changes

Untimely rains in December 2024 raised water levels in the lake. This reduced the availability of mudflats, essential for waterfowl feeding. Experts believe this change may have driven migratory birds to nearby farmlands.

Bird Population in Other Wetlands

Hirakud wetland saw an increase, hosting 377,732 birds of 122 species in 2025. Bhitarkanika National Park reported 151,614 birds of 118 species, showing stable numbers year-on-year.

Species Highlights

Gadwalls were the most numerous species with 201,926 counted. Northern Pintails and Eurasian Wigeons followed closely. Greater flamingos also increased to 2,638.

Census Methodology

The census was a collaborative effort involving the Chilika wildlife division and the Chilika Development Authority. It included 126 experts from various organisations, ensuring comprehensive data collection and analysis.

Importance of Chilika Lake

Chilika Lake is vital for migratory birds from regions beyond the Himalayas. Birds travel here to escape harsh winters and prepare for their return journeys before summer.

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