What is MASLD?

Recent studies have revealed the reclassification of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) to Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD). This change aims to clarify the connection between fatty liver disease and metabolic disorders, such as obesity and diabetes.

Definition of MASLD

MASLD refers to liver fat accumulation linked primarily to metabolic dysfunction. This term replaces NAFLD, which focuses on the absence of alcohol use, often perpetuating stigma.

Risk Factors for MASLD

Belly fat increases the risk of developing MASLD, with a likelihood increase of 2-3 times. Approximately 25% of the global population is affected, with rates climbing to 50-70% in individuals with obesity or type 2 diabetes.

Diagnostic Advancements

Recent advancements in diagnostic tools have improved the identification of MASLD. Non-invasive methods such as FibroScan, MRI, and ultrasound accurately measure liver fat and stiffness. Blood tests, including ALT, AST, and GGT, assess liver health, while new markers like CK-18 fragments and the ELF score are being developed for enhanced diagnosis.

The shift to MASLD has implications for patient care, which promotes early diagnosis and tailored treatments, including weight loss and better management of blood sugar and cholesterol levels. These interventions can mitigate the risk of severe complications such as heart disease and liver cirrhosis.

Preventive Measures

Preventing MASLD involves dietary modifications. Avoiding fast food, processed foods, sugary items, and red or processed meats is crucial. A balanced diet rich in whole grains, fruits, vegetables, and lean proteins is recommended to lower the risk of developing MASLD.

GKToday Notes:

1. MASLD: Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease is a reclassification of NAFLD. It marks metabolic dysfunction as the primary cause, aiding in better understanding and treatment.
2. FibroScan: FibroScan is a non-invasive diagnostic tool. It measures liver fat and stiffness accurately. This technology simplifies the diagnosis of liver conditions like MASLD.
3. CK-18 fragments: CK-18 fragments are new biomarkers under research. They aim to enhance MASLD diagnosis. These fragments could provide more accurate assessments of liver health.
4. ELF score: The ELF score is a novel diagnostic marker. It evaluates liver fibrosis and function. Researchers are developing it to improve the identification of liver diseases.

Month: Current Affairs - December, 2024

Category: Science & Technology Current Affairs