AI Surveillance Prevent Human-Elephant Conflicts

Recently, the AI and machine learning-enabled surveillance system in Tamil Nadu has shown remarkable success in protecting elephants from train collisions. Installed along the busy railway tracks between Palakkad in Kerala and Coimbatore in Tamil Nadu, this system has effectively prevented elephant deaths. Since its launch in February 2024, there have been zero fatalities, denoting the importance of technology in wildlife conservation.

Background of the Initiative

The project was initiated due to rising human-elephant conflicts in the Western Ghats region. Elephants migrate seasonally between the Nilgiris and Sathyamangalam to forest areas in Kerala. Increased development, land use changes, and disruptions in migration corridors have intensified these conflicts. The Coimbatore Forest Division identified the railway tracks as high-risk zones for elephant crossings, leading to numerous accidents.

Implementation of the AI System

The Tamil Nadu government allocated Rs 7.24 crore to install the AI system, which includes a dozen thermal cameras. These cameras provide 24/7 monitoring of the railway tracks. A command centre staffed by local youth oversees the system, ensuring real-time alerts are sent to train operators. The AI system has generated over 5,000 alerts and facilitated approximately 2,500 safe elephant crossings.

Technology and Functionality

The AI surveillance system employs advanced thermal imaging technology to detect elephants near the tracks. Alerts are triggered when elephants are spotted within 100 feet of the railway line. This allows for timely intervention to slow down trains and redirect elephants, reducing the risk of collisions. The system also monitors for other animals, enhancing overall wildlife safety.

Outcomes and Future Plans

The initiative has yielded impressive results, with zero elephant accidents reported in the first year. The Tamil Nadu government plans to expand the AI surveillance system to four additional vulnerable areas, including Dharmapuri and Hosur. This expansion aims to further enhance wildlife safety and reduce human-animal conflict across the region.

Significance for Wildlife Conservation

This project serves as a model for technology-driven wildlife conservation in India. It demonstrates how innovative solutions can address complex environmental challenges. The collaboration between the forest department and railways showcases the potential for effective wildlife management through technological advancements.

Month: Current Affairs - March, 2025

Category: Environment Current Affairs