Quiz 653: Geography for SSC-CGL / States PSC Examinations

1. Which of the following were the main gases in the initial atmosphere of Protoearth?
[A]Hydrogen and Helium
[B]Nitrogen and Carbon Dioxide
[C]Hydrogen and Nitrogen
[D]Oxygen and Carbon dioxide
Answer: Hydrogen and Helium
Notes:
Protoearth, more massive and larger than Earth today, was molten and homogenous. The initial atmosphere, composed mostly of hydrogen and helium, was later driven off into space by intense solar radiation.
2. In comparison to oceanic crust, the continental crust is__:
[A]Thicker
[B]Lighter in color
[C]Lower in density
[D]All of above
Answer: All of above
Notes:
Lithosphere is composed of continental and oceanic crust. Continental crust consists mostly of granite and oceanic crust consists mostly of basalt. Continental crust is lower in density, lighter in color, and thicker than oceanic crust. Both types float isostatically on the denser mantle below.
3. Who among the following gave the theory of continental drift?
[A]Arthur Holmes
[B]Alfred Wegener
[C]Jean-Baptiste Élie de Beaumont
[D]Harry Hess
Answer: Alfred Wegener
Notes:
According to the theory of plate tectonics, the outermost portion of Earth is composed of a patchwork of thin, rigid lithospheric plates that move horizontally with respect to one another. The idea began as a hypothesis called continental drift proposed by Alfred Wegener at the start of the 20th century. He suggested that about 200 million years ago, all the continents were combined into one large continent (Pangaea) surrounded by a single large ocean (Panthalassa). Harry Hess advanced the idea of sea floor spreading.
4. Bathymetry is related to which of the following studies?
[A] Climatology
[B] Oceanography
[C] Economic Geography
[D] Astronomy
Answer:
Notes:
Bathymetry is the measurement of ocean depths and the charting of ocean floor topography. The varied bathymetry of the ocean floor was first determined using soundings to measure water depth. Later, the development of the echo sounder gave ocean scientists a more detailed representation of the sea floor. Today, much of our knowledge of the ocean floor has been obtained using various multibeam echo sounders or side-scan sonar instruments (to make detailed bathymetric maps of a small area of the ocean floor); satellite measurement of the ocean surface (to produce maps of the world ocean floor); and seismic reflection profiles (to examine Earth structure beneath the sea floor).
5. The Coriolis force is maximum at __?
[A]Poles
[B]Equator
[C]Tropics
[D]Mountain peaks
Answer: Poles
Notes:
The Coriolis effect influences the paths of moving objects on Earth and is caused by Earth s rotation. Because Earth s surface rotates at different velocities at different latitudes, objects in motion tend to veer to the right in the Northern Hemisphere and to the left in the Southern Hemisphere. The Coriolis effect is nonexistent at the equator but increases with latitude, reaching a maximum at the poles.
6. Majid Gyre is a feature of which of the following Oceans?
[A]Pacific Ocean
[B]Indian Ocean
[C]Atlantic Ocean
[D]Arctic Ocean
Answer: Indian Ocean
Notes:
The Indian Ocean consists of one gyre, the Indian Ocean (Majid) Gyre, which exists mostly in the Southern Hemisphere. It is named after Ahmad Bin Majid, the 15th-century Arab mariner. Following table shows the Oceans and their respective Gyres [table id=229 /]
7. Which of the following is not a feature of El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO)?
[A]Periodic disruption of normal sea surface temperature in Pacific Ocean
[B]Reversal of Westerlies
[C]Rise of sea level along equator
[D]Decrease in productivity along the west coast of South America
Answer: Reversal of Westerlies
Notes:
ENSO results in reversal of trade winds not westerlies. A periodic disruption of normal sea surface and atmospheric circulation patterns in the Pacific Ocean is called El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO). The warm phase of ENSO (El Niño) is associated with the eastward movement of the Pacific warm pool, halting or reversal of the trade winds, a rise in sea level along the equator, a decrease in productivity along the west coast of South America, and, in very strong El Niños, worldwide changes in weather. El Niños fluctuate with the cool phase of ENSO (La Niña conditions), which are associated with cooler than normal water in the eastern tropical Pacific.
8. Equator passes through which of the following countries in Africa?
[A]Central African Republic
[B]Kenya
[C]Tanzania
[D]Sudan
Answer: Kenya
Notes:
Equator passes through the land of total 11 countries of the world viz. São Tomé & Príncipe, Gabon, Republic of Congo, Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda, Kenya, Somalia, Indonesia, Ecuador, Colombia and Brazil.
9. Four Corners Monument is located in which of the following countries?
[A]United States
[B]Canada
[C]China
[D]Mexico
Answer: United States
Notes:
Four Corners Monument is the quadripoint meeting four states of US viz. Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico and Utah. It is located in South-western United States and is the only point shared by four states in America. It is also a boundary between two semi-autonomous Native American governments viz. The Navajo Nation and Ute Mountain.
10. Carajás Mine is located in which of the following countries?
[A]Argentina
[B]Brazil
[C]Paraguay
[D]Mexico
Answer: Brazil
Notes:
The Carajás Mine is the largest iron ore mine in the world. It is located in the state of Pará in the Carajás Mountains of Northern Brazil. .