Underline the key features of Article 371-A of the Constitution of India. How does Article 371-A reflect the principles of self-determination for the Naga people? Explain.

The Naga people, with a rich cultural heritage and distinct identity, have long sought self-determination within the Indian Union. Article 371-A of the Constitution of India plays important role in this context, granting Nagaland special provisions that recognise and preserve their unique customs and practices.
Key Features of Article 371-A:

1. It allows the Naga Legislative Assembly to decide on matters of religion, social practices, and customary law.
2. It exempts Nagaland from certain laws passed by the Parliament unless the state assembly agrees.
3. It empowers the Nagas to manage land ownership and resource allocation according to their customs.

This degree of autonomy has implications for the Naga people. It acknowledges their historical context as a distinct group, enabling them to maintain their cultural identity while being part of India. For instance, the Naga customary law governs various aspects of life, including land ownership, which is decisive in a society where land is deeply intertwined with identity and culture.
Examples:

• The Naga customary practices surrounding land ownership have allowed communities to manage resources sustainably without external interference.
• Local governance structures, such as village councils, operate independently, reflecting the Naga’s desire for self-rule.

However, while Article 371-A provides substantial autonomy, it does not equate to full sovereignty. The ongoing Naga peace talks highlight the complexities of self-determination, as aspirations for greater autonomy continue to challenge the state of India’s territorial integrity. Thus, Article 371-A exemplifies the delicate balance between preserving the Naga identity and integrating into the Indian Union, showcasing the nuanced approach to self-determination within a diverse nation.