Tiexian Reef

Recently, the US military deployed an anti-ship missile launcher on Batan Island in the Philippines. This marked escalation in military presence near Taiwan and the South China Sea. The deployment occurred amid ongoing territorial disputes between China and the Philippines. The Chinese Coast Guard seized control of Tiexian Reef, intensifying tensions in the region.

Context of the Deployment

The deployment of the high-precision missile system was part of the annual Balikatan exercises. These exercises involved approximately 9,000 American and 5,000 Filipino troops. They aimed to enhance military readiness and deter aggression in the region. The exercises simulated real combat scenarios, reflecting the growing geopolitical rivalry between the US and China.

About Tiexian Reef

• The Tiexian Reef or Sandy Cay is part of the Spratly Islands in the South China Sea.
• This 200 sq metre reef is situated near Thitu Island (also known as Pag-asa Island), where the Philippines maintains a military facility and a newly established coast guard base.

Spratly Islands

• The Spratly Islands are a group of over 100 small islands and reefs in the South China Sea.
• They are north of Malaysia and roughly halfway between Vietnam and the Philippines.
• Who Claims Them:
  • China, Taiwan, and Vietnam each claim the whole group.
  • Malaysia and the Philippines claim parts of it.
  • Brunei does not claim the islands themselves but claims a nearby area that includes a reef.

• Climate: The islands have a tropical climate.
• History:
  • France controlled the islands from 1933 to 1939.
  • Japan took over during World War II and used them as a submarine base.
  • After the war, the Chinese Nationalist government set up a military post on Itu Aba and kept it even after moving to Taiwan in 1949.
  • In 1951, Japan gave up its claim to the islands.
  • After that, Taiwan, China, and Vietnam all said they owned them.
  • In 1955, the Philippines also made a claim based on being nearby.

Historical Context of US-Philippine Relations

The Philippines hosted US military bases until the early 1990s. These bases were closed following a Senate vote against their extension. However, US forces have returned for joint exercises under a mutual defence agreement. This reflects a deepening military partnership amidst regional security challenges.

Future Outlook

The situation in the South China Sea remains fluid. Ongoing military exercises indicate a commitment to regional security. The Philippines continues to strengthen its military capabilities in response to perceived threats. The balance of power in the region is crucial for maintaining peace and stability.

Month: Current Affairs - April, 2025

Category: Defence Current Affairs