NIA Investigates Pahalgam Terror Attack

April 28, 2025

The Pahalgam terror attack, which occurred on 26 April 2025, has drawn attention due to its tragic outcome. The attack resulted in the deaths of 26 tourists in Jammu and Kashmir. The National Investigation Agency (NIA) has taken over the investigation from local police, marking a critical step in addressing terrorism in the region. The NIA’s involvement puts stress on the seriousness of the situation, especially following claims of responsibility by the Resistance Front, a proxy of the Pakistan-based Lashkar-e-Taiba.

Background of the NIA

The NIA was established in 2008 after the 26/11 Mumbai attacks.
It was created to handle terrorism-related cases that often involve complex inter-State and international implications.
The agency aims to investigate and prosecute offences that threaten India’s sovereignty and security.
Its formation followed recommendations from various expert committees advocating for a specialised body to tackle terrorism.

Jurisdiction and Powers

The NIA operates under the NIA Act, which was amended in 2019.
This act empowers the agency to investigate a range of offences, including those under the Indian Penal Code, the Information Technology Act, and the Arms Act.
The Supreme Court has expanded the NIA’s jurisdiction to include related offences committed by individuals not directly accused in the main case. This ensures a broader scope for investigations.

Legal Framework for Trials

Cases investigated by the NIA are tried in special NIA courts. The Central government designates these courts in consultation with the Chief Justice of the High Court. This legal framework is designed to ensure that terrorism cases are handled efficiently and with the necessary expertise. The NIA has successfully prosecuted numerous cases since its inception, with number of them resulting in convictions.

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