Vikram 3201 and Kalpana 3201 Microprocessors

March 17, 2025

Recently, the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) announced the development of two advanced 32-bit microprocessors, Vikram 3201 and Kalpana 3201. These processors are designed for space applications and represent leap in India’s indigenous technology capabilities. They were developed in collaboration with the Semiconductor Laboratory (SCL) in Chandigarh.

Background of Microprocessor Development

ISRO has a history of developing microprocessors for its launch vehicles. The Vikram 1601, a 16-bit microprocessor, has been operational since 2009. The new Vikram 3201 is an upgraded 32-bit version, fabricated using 180nm CMOS technology at SCL. This initiative aligns with India’s “Make in India” campaign, promoting self-reliance in critical technology sectors.

Vikram 3201 Specifications

Vikram 3201 is India’s first fully indigenous 32-bit microprocessor. It is designed to withstand the harsh conditions of space. The processor supports floating-point computations and offers high-level language compatibility, particularly with Ada. The in-house development of software tools further enhances its functionality.

Kalpana 3201 Specifications

Kalpana 3201 is based on the SPARC V8 architecture. It is a Reduced Instruction Set Computer (RISC) microprocessor, compatible with open-source software. This design facilitates integration with various software development tools, making it versatile for different applications.

Testing and Validation

The Vikram 3201 microprocessor has undergone rigorous testing. It was validated in the Mission Management Computer during the PSLV Orbital Experimental Module (POEM-4) mission. This successful validation puts stress on its reliability for future space missions.

Additional Developments

ISRO, in collaboration with SCL, also developed other critical devices. These include a Reconfigurable Data Acquisition System and a Multi-Channel Low Drop-out Regulator Integrated Circuit. These innovations contribute to the miniaturisation of avionics systems in launch vehicles.

Future Prospects

The successful development of these microprocessors marks a milestone in India’s space technology. It encourages Atmanirbharata, or self-reliance, in high-reliability microprocessors. This advancement is expected to enhance the capabilities of India’s space missions and contribute to future technological innovations.

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