Lake Tanganyika Basin

March 5, 2025

The Lake Tanganyika Basin is facing severe biodiversity threats. Recently, Burundi, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Tanzania, and Zambia initiated a five-year project aimed at addressing these transboundary challenges. This initiative is supported by the UN Environment Programme (UNEP) and the Global Environment Facility (GEF). It focuses on sustainable natural resource management and biodiversity conservation within the basin.

Project Objectives

The project aims to enhance cooperation among the four countries. It will protect core conservation zones in three designated areas. Additionally, the initiative promotes sustainable fisheries and the restoration of degraded landscapes. The project has a budget of USD 14.5 million and is executed by UNOPS.

Key Intervention Areas

Several high-priority areas have been identified. These include establishing standards for fishing practices. This involves defining acceptable fishing gear, mesh sizes, and quotas. Protecting critical habitats is also a major focus. Community involvement in fisheries management will be increased. Furthermore, sustainable livelihood alternatives will be promoted.

Biodiversity Crisis

Globally, freshwater biodiversity is declining at an alarming rate. Over the past century, there has been an 84% decline in freshwater species. This poses risks to ecosystems and species survival. Factors contributing to this crisis include nutrient pollution, plastic waste, and overexploitation. Climate change further exacerbates these challenges.

Importance of Lake Tanganyika

Lake Tanganyika is a global biodiversity hotspot. It supports over 10 million people who rely on its resources. However, increasing human populations and resource usage threaten its biodiversity. The lake’s health is crucial for both local communities and global ecosystems.

International Cooperation

The project builds on the Convention on the Sustainable Management of Lake Tanganyika. This agreement was adopted in 2003 and laid the groundwork for collaborative efforts. The current initiative represents step in collective responsibility for ecosystem protection.

Future Projections

By 2050, the value of lake ecosystem services may decrease by up to 20%. This decline could result from continued nutrient pollution and other environmental pressures. Addressing these issues will require substantial financial resources and coordinated action.

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