Kalaripayattu Controversy Ahead of 38th National Games

January 21, 2025

Kalaripayattu, the ancient martial art from Kerala, is at the centre of a dispute as the 38th National Games approach. The Indian Kalaripayattu Federation has raised concerns about its relegation to a demonstration event by the Indian Olympics Association (IOA). This decision has disappointed athletes and sparked discussions about the sport’s future in competitive arenas.

Background of Kalaripayattu

Kalaripayattu is a traditional Indian martial art originating in Kerala, dating back to the 11th–12th century CE.
It combines combat techniques with unique weapons and healing methods.
The term derives from “kalari” (training ground) and “payattu” (martial arts practice).

Recent Developments

Ahead of the 38th National Games, Kalaripayattu was moved from a competitive event to a demonstration section. This change affects approximately 200 athletes from 18 states. The decision was made public in December 2024, leading to widespread discontent.

Legal Intervention

The Delhi High Court intervened on January 15, 2025, mandating a review of Kalaripayattu’s status in the National Games. The IOA is expected to make a decision based on this ruling.

Historical Significance

Kalaripayattu has deep roots in Kerala’s culture, historically linked to military training and discipline. It was essential in the feudal society of Kerala, with each village having its own kalari for martial education.

Decline and Resurgence

The art form declined in the 17th century due to the advent of firearms and colonial rule. However, a revival occurred in the 20th century, thanks to efforts by prominent gurukkals who preserved and promoted the practice.

Training and Techniques

Training in Kalaripayattu involves rigorous physical conditioning, weaponry, and healing arts. Classes follow the guru-shishya tradition, emphasising respect and discipline. Techniques include strikes, grappling, and the use of various weapons.

Current Status

Kalaripayattu is gaining recognition globally, with practitioners incorporating it into dance and performance arts. The establishment of the Kalaripayattu Academy in Kerala aims to further promote and preserve this ancient martial art.

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