Indian Cities’ Air Quality Progress Report 2025

January 8, 2025

In the years from 2019 to 2024, Indian cities made strides in reducing PM2.5 pollution levels. The National Clean Air Programme (NCAP) cities achieved a notable 24% reduction. Varanasi emerged as the frontrunner with a remarkable 76% decrease. Despite these advancements, cities like Delhi, Gurugram, and Faridabad continue to grapple with severe air pollution challenges.

Overview of PM2.5 Reductions

Between 2019 and 2024, Indian cities recorded an average reduction of 27% in PM2.5 pollution levels. The NCAP cities specifically noted a 24% decline. The report from Respirer Living Sciences brought into light the varying levels of success across different cities, indicating a mix of progress and ongoing issues.

Key Performers in Pollution Reduction

Varanasi topped the list with a 76% reduction in PM2.5 levels. Moradabad followed with a 58% decrease. Other cities with reductions include Kalaburagi (57.2%), Meerut (57.1%), and Katni (56.3%). This data puts stress on the effectiveness of targeted interventions in combating air pollution.

Cities with Persistent Pollution Issues

Despite overall improvements, several cities remain heavily polluted. Delhi recorded PM2.5 levels of 107 µg/m³ in 2024. Byrnihat in Assam reported even higher levels at 127.3 µg/m³. Other cities facing severe pollution include Gurugram (96.7 µg/m³) and Faridabad (87.1 µg/m³). These figures highlight the ongoing air quality challenges in urban areas.

The Role of the National Clean Air Programme

Launched in 2019, the NCAP aimed to reduce particulate pollution by 20-30% by 2024, using 2017 as the baseline. The target was later revised to a 40% reduction by 2026. The programme focuses on improving air quality through targeted actions and stricter regulations, although the implementation remains a challenge.

Challenges to Air Quality Improvement

Significant challenges persist in achieving cleaner air. Limited air quality monitoring infrastructure often leaves smaller cities underrepresented. Additionally, industrial and vehicular emissions continue to contribute heavily to pollution. Seasonal factors, such as stubble burning, exacerbate the situation, particularly in northern states.

NCAP – National Clean Air Programme, launched in 2019.
Varanasi – Leading city with a 76% reduction in PM2.5.
Moradabad – Achieved a 58% reduction in pollution levels.
Byrnihat – Recorded the highest PM2.5 levels at 127.3 µg/m³.
Kalaburagi – Notable reduction of 57.2% in PM2.5 pollution.

Future Directions for Air Quality Management

The path ahead requires intensified efforts to meet the revised NCAP targets. Urgent action is needed in high-density regions like Delhi, Gurugram, and Faridabad. Enhanced compliance with regulations, innovative solutions, and public awareness are essential to address the unique challenges faced by Indian cities. The report emphasises the importance of cleaner technologies and expanded monitoring to sustain progress in air quality improvement.

« Previous Post Next Post »