China to Build World’s Largest Dam on Brahmaputra Near India Border

China has recently approved the construction of the world’s largest dam on the Brahmaputra River, located in Tibet near the Indian border, which is poised to cost approximately $137 billion. The dam has sparked concerns among neighboring countries, particularly India and Bangladesh, regarding potential impacts on water flow and regional stability.

Project Overview

The dam will be built on the lower section of the Yarlung Zangbo River, the Tibetan name for the Brahmaputra. This initiative is expected to exceed one trillion yuan in total investment, surpassing the Three Gorges Dam as the largest infrastructure project globally.

Location and Engineering Challenges

Situated in a deep gorge of the Himalayas, the dam faces engineering challenges due to its location on a tectonic plate boundary. The area is prone to earthquakes, and the Brahmaputra creates the world’s deepest canyon with a vertical drop exceeding 25,000 feet. Heavy rainfall in the region contributes to a robust water flow.

Despite the seismic risks, officials have committed to implementing safety and environmental protection measures. Comprehensive geological studies and advanced technology have been employed to support the project’s development, ensuring the minimisation of ecological impact.

Hydropower Potential

The hydropower facility is estimated to generate over 300 billion kWh of electricity annually. This output could supply energy to approximately 300 million people for a year. The lower section of the river is believed to hold nearly 70 million kilowatts of power, exceeding the capacity of the Three Gorges Dam.

The project also involves drilling multiple tunnels through the Namcha Barwa mountain to redirect part of the river’s flow. It is viewed as a critical step for China’s national security and environmental protection, while also encouraging cooperation with neighbouring countries. The dam is expected to generate substantial revenue for the Tibet Autonomous Region.

GKToday Notes:

1. Brahmaputra River: The Brahmaputra is one of the major rivers in Asia. It flows through Tibet, India, and Bangladesh, supporting diverse ecosystems and millions of livelihoods.
2. Yarlung Zangbo River: Yarlung Zangbo is the Tibetan name for the Brahmaputra. It originates in Tibet and is known for its unique geological features and hydropower potential.
3. Namcha Barwa: Namcha Barwa is a prominent mountain in Tibet. It is located near the Brahmaputra River and is noted for its challenging terrain and biodiversity.
4. Three Gorges Dam: The Three Gorges Dam is the world’s largest hydroelectric power station. It is located on the Yangtze River in China and has energy output and environmental impact.

Month: Current Affairs - December, 2024

Category: Environment Current Affairs