Breakthrough in Monkeypox Virus Research

Researchers at JNCASR have made important strides in studying the monkeypox virus (MPV), which is crucial as the World Health Organization has declared MPV a global health emergency twice in three years. Recently, the virus spread to 15 African countries and three outside Africa. There is growing concern about its transmission and symptoms.

About the Monkeypox Virus

MPV is a double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) virus, which is currently identified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques. PCR amplifies dsDNA and employs fluorescent probes for measurement. This method has limitations regarding specificity and accuracy.

Discovery of GQ Sequences

The research team identified a unique DNA structure in the MPV genome called GQ. These GQ sequences are stable and highly conserved. They are not present in other pox viruses or the human genome. This makes them ideal targets for developing diagnostic tools and treatments.

The Role of Fluorescent Probes

To detect GQ sequences, researchers designed a fluorescent molecular probe named BBJL. This probe enhances fluorescence output by over 250 times when it binds to the MPV GQ sequence. This important increase allows for precise detection of the virus.

Implications for Diagnostic Tools

Mapping the MPV genome can reveal additional GQ targets for potential treatments. The study may lead to advanced diagnostic methods based on GQ structures. These methods could improve test accuracy and reduce false positives caused by non-specific amplification.

The findings from this research provide a foundation for developing new diagnostic tools and therapies for monkeypox. The insights gained will be valuable to the global scientific community. This study represents a critical step in combating the monkeypox virus effectively.

Important Facts for Exams:

1. JNCASR: The Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research is a premier research institute in India. It focuses on interdisciplinary research and innovation in various scientific fields.
2. GQ Sequences: GQ sequences are unique DNA structures found in the monkeypox virus. They are stable and conserved, making them ideal targets for diagnostics and therapeutic development.
3. BBJL Probe: The BBJL probe is a fluorescent molecular probe designed for detecting GQ sequences. It increases fluorescence output, enhancing the precision of monkeypox virus detection.
4. dsDNA Virus: Double-stranded DNA viruses, like the monkeypox virus, possess a complex genomic structure. They replicate within host cells, leading to various diseases, including monkeypox and other viral infections.

Month: Current Affairs - November, 2024

Category: Science & Technology Current Affairs