Port Blair Renamed Sri Vijaya Puram

September 14, 2024

Union Minister Amit Shah announced that the Andaman and Nicobar Islands capital, Port Blair, will be renamed ‘Sri Vijaya Puram.’ This decision is part of Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s vision to remove colonial-era names and celebrate India’s freedom struggle and history. The new name reflects the historical significance of the region and its connection to ancient Indian empires, especially the Chola dynasty.

The Origin of the Name ‘Port Blair’

Port Blair was named after Archibald Blair, a British naval surveyor who explored the Andaman Islands in the late 1700s. Originally, the place was called Port Cornwallis, named after Commodore William Cornwallis, a British naval officer. However, it was later renamed to honor Blair, who conducted a thorough survey of the area.

Colonial History of the Andaman Islands

During the British colonial period, the East India Company wanted to use the Andaman Islands as a strategic location for military purposes. They also needed a safe harbor from pirates in the region. After the Revolt of 1857, the British established a penal colony on the islands, where they sent many prisoners, including freedom fighters.

Key Historical Events in Port Blair

One of the most important landmarks in Port Blair is the Cellular Jail, built in 1906. This prison, also known as “Kaala Paani,” was where many Indian freedom fighters, including Veer Savarkar, were jailed under harsh conditions. The jail has become a symbol of the sacrifices made during India’s fight for independence.

Historical evidence shows that the Andaman Islands were once used as a naval base by the Chola emperor Rajendra I during the 11th century. He launched an expedition against the Srivijaya Empire, which was located in present-day Indonesia. At that time, the islands were referred to as Ma-Nakkavaram, and this name is believed to have influenced the modern name “Nicobar.”

Debates on the Chola-Srivijaya Conflict

Scholars have different opinions on why the Chola Empire attacked Srivijaya. Some believe it was due to trade disputes, while others see it as part of the Chola dynasty’s efforts to expand its influence in Southeast Asia. This interaction led to significant military and cultural exchanges between the regions.

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