Daily Current Affairs Quiz: January 31, 2024

Notes:
The government has announced the diversion of Chenab river water through tunnels to accelerate the 850-MW Ratle Hydro Electric Project in Jammu & Kashmir. The project, located in the Kishtwar District, is a run-of-river hydroelectric power initiative on the Chenab River. Developed by Ratle Hydroelectric Power Corporation (RHPCL) as a joint venture between Jammu & Kashmir State Power Development Corporation and National Hydroelectric Power Corporation, it includes a 133-meter-tall concrete gravity dam, a diversion dam, and an underground powerhouse.

Notes:
Mali, Niger, and Burkina Faso announced their withdrawal from the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS). The three countries accused ECOWAS of imposing “illegitimate, inhumane, and irresponsible” sanctions against them after their militaries seized power in recent coups. The sanctions, which limit border movements and trade, have hurt the countries’ economies. The three countries’ withdrawal could weaken the regional bloc and escalate tensions.

Notes:
Karnataka faces human-sloth bear conflicts, posing concerns for communities and wildlife enthusiasts. Scientifically known as Melursus ursinus, sloth bears, one of eight global bear species, are myrmecophagous, favoring bugs and termites. Inhabiting dry and moist forests, as well as grasslands in India, Nepal, Sri Lanka, and potentially Bhutan, they sport long, shaggy dark fur and curved claws. It is classified as “Vulnerable” by IUCN.

Notes:
The Indian Navy’s INS Sumitra, a Saryu-class patrol vessel, rescued hijacked fishermen off Somalia’s east coast. Commissioned in 2014, it’s the last vessel of its class, constructed by Goa Shipyard. Based in Chennai under the Eastern Naval Command, its primary roles include EEZ surveillance, anti-piracy patrols, fleet support, maritime security, and escort operations. The recent successful rescue underscores its vital contributions to regional security.

Notes:
Researchers have unveiled mitochondrial coxiella effector F (MceF), an antioxidant protein produced by the Gram-negative intracellular bacterium Coxiella burnetii. MceF supports human cell health despite a heavy bacterial load. Invading host cells, Coxiella burnetii releases MceF, interacting with glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) in mitochondria. This interaction enhances mitochondrial function, preventing cell damage and death associated with pathogen replication in mammalian cells. The newfound protein showcases potential therapeutic applications.