Demaorchestia: New Marine Amphipod Species

December 13, 2023

Researchers at Berhampur University, Odisha, have made a noteworthy discovery of a new species of marine amphipod in Chilika lake on the east coast of India. The shrimp-like crustacea, belonging to the genus Demaorchestia, has been named Demaorchestia alanensis after global expert Professor Alan Myers of University College Cork, Ireland. Professor Myers has significantly contributed to the field of global marine amphipod studies.

Discovery and Naming

The researchers collected at least eight specimens of the new species, Demaorchestia alanensis, from Barkul beach in Ganjam district, Odisha, in January 2022. After thorough surveys and laboratory testing, the researchers concluded that the specimens represented a new species, distinct from the five others found globally. The characteristics of the newly discovered crustacean were detailed in an article published in the online edition of the journal Zootaxa on December 11, 2023.

Unique Characteristics

The Demaorchestia alanensis is white in color and measures less than 15 millimeters in length, possessing 13 pairs of legs. Three pairs are adapted for swimming, eight for walking on land, and the remaining two pairs are utilized for capturing prey and feeding. The species can be differentiated from others in the genus by two to three strong, hair-like structures on the anterior margin of the propodus of the gnathopod. It belongs to the subfamily Platorchestiinae, found along the Indian coast.

Study’s Contribution

The discovery adds one more species to the genus Demaorchestia, bringing the global species number in the group to six. The specimens have been deposited in the Zoological Survey of India’s Estuarine Biology Regional Centre in Gopalpur-on-Sea, Odisha, for further research.

Ecological Significance

Amphipods play a crucial role in the marine ecosystem and are vital in the marine food chain. They serve as indicators for studying the impact of climate change and the health of coastal ecosystems. Further research will delve into understanding the specific ecological roles of amphipods in coastal and marine environments.

Previous Discoveries

This isn’t the first discovery by the researchers. Previously, they identified two marine amphipods, Quadrivisio Chilikensis from the seaweeds near Nalaban and Talorchestia buensis from the West Bengal coastal area.

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